“Smurf” and “Fraggle”
		• Very dangerous attacks Network-based, fills access pipes Uses ICMP echo/reply (smurf) or UDP echo (fraggle) packets with broadcast networks to multiply traffic Requires the ability to send spoofed packets • Abuses “bounce-sites” to attack victims Traffic multiplied by a factor of 50 to 200 Low-bandwidth source can kill high-bandwidth connections • Similar traffic content to ping, UDP flooding but more dangerous due to traffic multiplication